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National geographic brain neuron
National geographic brain neuron












national geographic brain neuron national geographic brain neuron

"People have the false idea that these are cognitive enhancers, that it doesn’t matter whether you have a diagnosis or not, that this is going to improve your performance," says Cesar Soutullo, a professor of psychiatry at UTHealth Houston, who specializes in treating ADHD. Whether it’s taking Ritalin to cram for a test, or Adderall to manage working a night shift, these medications have acquired a reputation as "smart drugs," capable of helping people perform better at complicated tasks, even when they don’t have ADHD, a perception that has persisted in spite of a lack of evidence. The New England Journal of Medicine 374(4):363–371.Adderall and Ritalin, medications used to manage symptoms of attention deficit/ hyperactivity disorder, have long been considered study aids for people without ADHD. Neurobiologic advances from the brain disease model of addiction. Journal of Addictive Diseases 21(1):35–44. A comparison of patterns of methamphetamine and cocaine use. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 97(8):4398–4403. Navigation-related structural change in the hippocampi of taxi drivers. Addiction is a brain disease, and it matters. Cognitive function and nigrostriatal markers in abstinent methamphetamine abusers. Is cognitive functioning impaired in methamphetamine users? A critical review. High Price: A Neuroscientist’s Journey of Self-Discovery That Challenges Everything You Know About Drugs and Society. Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 8(4):241. A medical treatment for diacetylmorphine (heroin) addiction. A review of the literature on contingency management in the treatment of substance use disorders, 2009–2014. Public health and international drug policy. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 1327:94–111. Lost in translation? Moving contingency management and cognitive behavioral therapy into clinical practice. Aviation Space and Environmental Medicine 76(7 II):39–51. military-approved pharmacological countermeasures. Fatigue in military aviation: An overview of U.S. Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology 2:244–268. Comparative epidemiology of dependence on tobacco, alcohol, controlled substances, and inhalants: Basic findings from the National Comorbidity Survey. Accessed March /report/report-war-marijuana-black -and-white. The War on Marijuana in Black and White, 1–190.














National geographic brain neuron